Tag Archives: typescript

Just let TypeScript do its thing

It is a well known fact that compile-time errors during development are easier and cheaper to catch than runtime ones in production. Unfortunately people keep forgetting that simple fact. Let me tell you a little story about AWS Lambda hiccup, and how it could easily be avoided.

A developer wrote a simple Lambda function in TypeScript that would receive a parameter of the following type:

interface Notification {
    slack?: {
        notify: boolean
    };
    github?: {
        notify: boolean
    };
}

The logic is simple – if slack.notify is true – send slack notification. If github.notify is true – send github commit status notification. The function deployed without issues, and it does send slack notifications. There is one problem: often it would send the same slack notification 3 times in a row. Continue reading →

Scan standalone CDK constructs for misconfiguration

Vulnerability scanners like checkov have become a de facto standard for scanning IaC for possible misconfigurations. They can scan terraform configs, AWS CloudFormation templates, even – in a sense – CDK stacks, because they synthesize into CloudFormation templates that can be scanned.

In order to produce synthesized templates from stacks you have to have a full-blown CDK application. But what if you’re developing a standalone CDK construct as a library, to be used as a dependency in a CDK app? There is a way to scan it for vulnerabilities as well.
Continue reading →

Override private methods in TypeScript

First things first: a word of caution – do this only if you absolutely have to. TypeScript has these checks for a reason, and probably in 99% of the cases you should respect and abide these restrictions. But if your scenario falls within the 1% where you must in a subclass override a private method of a superclass – this post shows a way to do this.

Let’s say we have a class that defines a generic starship, and what happens to it when it’s hit by a weapon:

type Hit = 'phaser' | 'antimatter spread' | 'photon torpedo'

class Starship {
    private totalDamage: number;

    constructor(private shipName: string) {
        this.totalDamage = 0;
    }

    private addDamage(damage: number) {
        this.totalDamage += damage;
    }

    public isHitBy(hit: Hit) {
        console.log(`${this.shipName} is hit by ${hit}!`)

        switch(hit) {
            case 'phaser':
                this.addDamage(100);
                break;
            case 'antimatter spread':
                this.addDamage(300);
                break;
            case 'photon torpedo':
                this.addDamage(500);
                break
        }
    }
}

You can create your own class of starship based on this generic class, then build a ship of the new class, and simulate it being hit by a weapon:

class Galaxy extends Starship {
    constructor(name: string) {
        super(name);
    }
}

const enterprise = new Galaxy('Enterprise');
enterprise.isHitBy('photon torpedo');

Output:

"Enterprise is hit by photon torpedo!"

This is fine, but as you’ve seen the base class has a secret feature to calculate damage inflicted by the weapon. It is secret, because it’s defined by a private method, and is not exposed to derived classes. But, like Kirk in Kobayashi Maru, you want to break the rules, and have this forbidden knowledge. Continue reading →

Synthesize only stacks you need in CDK

CDK documentation states that if you supply stack name(s) to CLI commands like cdk synth, cdk list or cdk deploy – it will synthesize only the stacks you requested. But in reality this is not the case, CDK will always synthesize all stacks – and it may lead to unintended consequences.

Let’s say you have following stack declarations in your lib/my-stacks.ts code:

import * as cdk from 'aws-cdk-lib';

export class Stack1 extends cdk.Stack {};
export class Stack2 extends cdk.Stack {};
export class AnotherStack extends cdk.Stack {};
export class YerAnotherStack extends cdk.Stack {};

And in your app’s entry point bin/my-stacks.ts you instantiate those stacks:

import * as cdk from 'aws-cdk-lib';
import * as stacks from '../lib/my-stacks'

const app = new cdk.App();

new stacks.Stack1(app, "Stack1");
new stacks.Stack2(app, "Stack2");
new stacks.AnotherStack(app, "AnotherStack");
new stacks.YerAnotherStack(app, "YetAnotherStack");

And then issue a CLI command to synthesize stacks, but you only want to synthesize “Stack1” and “AnotherStack”:

cdk synth Stack1 AnotherStack

The command output would have you believe that only 2 stacks were synthesized:

Successfully synthesized to ./cdk.out
Supply a stack id (AnotherStack, Stack1) to display its template.

Continue reading →

Easily verify yourself on Mastodon with GitHub

Mastodon unlike Twitter doesn’t have official (or paid, thanks Elon Musk) verification badge for account profile, but it does offer a way to verify yourself – by placing following link tag into HTML of a website/page you own (your blog for example):

<a rel="me" href="https://your.instance/@YourHandle">Mastodon</a>

where “your.instance” and “@YourHandle” are the Mastodon server you use and your profile handle respectfully. But what if you want to verify yourself with your GitHub profile? An ideal place would be something like a README.md file. Unfortunately every link placed into a markdown file automatically gets rel="nofollow", so it’s a no-go. But there is a way to do this. Continue reading →

Writing first Mastodon bot

Over the years I’ve written quite a few Twitter bots. But since Elon Musk took over – the bird site has become unbearable, so I, like many others, migrated to Mastodon. What Mastodon is, and how it operates is a whole another story, but for our intents and purposes it is similar to Twitter: there is a home timeline where posts from people you follow appear, and you can post to the timeline as well.

Back on Twitter I used to have a bot that would tweet one-liners from Pink Floyd lyrics every hour. Follow me along as I recreate it on Mastodon.

First and foremost you have to make sure the Mastodon instance you’re on allows bots. Some do, some don’t – read the server rules to find out. I am using botsin.space instance that is specifically meant to host bots. Continue reading →